Independence Day and America 250!

Starting today, and continuing through July 4th  2026, we celebrate America’s 250th anniversary, a monumental milestone for our country.

As of today, we are officially celebrating America 250, but we have technically been in America 250 for a couple months now.  

America 250 flag

The first day of the Revolutionary War was 19 April 1775, 250 years + two-and one-half months ago. On that date, the Massachusetts colonists defied British authority on Concord’s Old North Bridge. Known as the Battles of Lexington and Concord, and fought in the Massachusetts towns of Lexington, Concord, Lincoln, Menotomy, and Cambridge, these battles were the first major military actions between Great Britain and the patriot militias from the Thirteen American Colonies.  

The colonists’ victory resulted in an outpouring of support for the anti-British cause.

Tensions had been building between the colonists and the British authorities for over ten years. Great Britain had enacted a series of acts to raise revenue from the Colonies and the colonists protested the “taxation without representation.”

In 1774, after the Boston Massacre and the Boston Tea Party, King George III shut down Boston Harbor until the colonists paid for tea they dumped overboard the previous year. Soon after, the British Parliament declared that Massachusetts was in open rebellion.

On the night of 18 April 1775, British troops marched from Boston to Concord to seize an arms cache. Paul Revere, William Dawes Jr, and other riders sounded the alarm that mobilized the colonial militiamen. Fighting began at Lexington and the British retreated under intense fire.

The Revolutionary War had begun.

On this day, 249 years ago, July 4th 1776, the Declaration of Independence was adopted by delegates to the Second Continental Congress in Philadelphia. Next year marks the 250th anniversary of that event.

America 250!  

We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness. –Thomas Jefferson, The Declaration of Independence.

After many battles, in 1783 the colonists formally won their independence.

And, as if that isn’t enough history, our country recently celebrated another 250th anniversary. On 14 June 2025, which happened to be Flag Day, the U.S. Army celebrated their 250th Birthday. The Continental Army was formed in 1775 in the fight for American independence.

“Before there was a United States, there was an Army.”

What a rich history our country has and such an exciting, historic time for America.

What a great time to celebrate our country and show our patriotism.

Have a fun, safe, and patriotic Fourth of July holiday.

Happy Independence Day!

Happy 249th Birthday, America! 

More About the Sawmill at Schumm, Ohio

Last week I wrote about the Fred. A. Smith Lumber Company at Schumm, more commonly known as the Schumm Sawmill by locals.

Before 1923 the sawmill was owned by W.P. Robinson of Decatur, Indiana, and was the W.P. Robinson Company of Schumm. Robinson entered into partnership with Fred A. Smith in 1923, but the sawmill retained the Robinson name. In 1953 Robinson sold his interest in the sawmill to Smith and Smith changed the name to the Fred A. Smith Lumber Company. Smith ran the sawmill for five more years and closed it in 1958.

Schumm Sawmill, c1924.

Van Wert newspaper articles provides some information about Fred A. Smith and the sawmill at Schumm.

Robinson Sells Share in Mill
Van Wert Man to Operate Schumm Firm
(Van Wert Times Bulletin, 9 Jan 1953; NewspaperArchive.com.)
W.P. Robinson of Decatur, Ind., and Fred A. Smith of 729 Elson Avenue, who for the past 30 years have operated the W.P. Robinson Company of Schumm, a sawmill and lumber firm, today announced dissolution of the partnership.

Robinson, who has been in the sawmill and lumber business in Indiana and Ohio for 55 years, is retiring, and Smith has purchased his partner’s interest to operate it under the firm name of “Fred A. Smith Lumber Company.”

The company, located on the Nickel Plate Railroad siding, formerly the Cloverleaf Railroad, at Schumm, buys timber and truck logs within a radius of 150 miles in Ohio and Indiana.

The logs are cut for a wide variety of uses such as long ship-building timbers, farm buildings, fences, and cribs and kiln-dried oak flooring and finish.

The firm operated a planing mill and caters to a large firm and industrial retail trade within 40 miles of Van Wert, conserving the lumber from chair-let size to 50-inch oak timbers, using the sawdust as fuel for the big steam-powered engine and boiler.

In the past, lumber has been shipped to all sections of the country. In 1927 the firm shipped three carloads to choice oak timbers to the Navy yard at Boston for the rebuilding of the ship, “Old Ironsides.”

During World War Two, many cars of oak were shipped for use in building Navy landing boats and last year timber was shipped for building mine-sweepers.

W.P. Robinson Co. with largest bur oak sawed in Ohio, 1934.

Written a few years later about Fred A Smith. (Van Wert Times Bulletin, 27 Nov 1962; NewspaperArchive.com.):
…Fred A. Smith, 835 S. Race St, lifetime wood dealer and buyer and timber scout for Pike Lumber Co., once operated a sawmill at Schumm in partnership with the late W.P. Robinson of Decatur.

Smith started out as a young man in the lumber business in Wabash, Indiana, with Durward Pike, of Pike Lumber Co, Wabash.

Smith entered into partnership with the sawmill operation at Schumm in 1923 and they installed an entirely new mill for cutting the logs into boards and dimension lumber.

“Our work force ranged from 12-15 men and we hauled the first logs into Schumm with teams of horses and wagons. Our first truck was purchased in 1929.”

During WWII, the sawmill, known as the Robinson Sawmill, cut many lumber contracts for the U.S. Navy. They shipped lumber to every shipyard in the U.S. and some of the civilian customers included the Marion Shovel Co, Marion, Ohio, and Chriscraft, builder of pleasure boats.

One lumber order filled for the U.S. Navy and shipped in 1927, was for three large carloads of Indiana and Ohio white oak timbers and planking ranging in length from 36-44 feet, for refurbishing the U.S.S. Constitution, aka Old Ironsides. The ship’s renovation was made possible by the contributions of pennies from school children all over the United States.

Smith became the sole owner of the sawmill at Schumm in 1952 and operated it for six years, when the sawmill was dismantled and the lumber stocks on hand sold.

Smith became employed by the Pike Lumber firm again.

Fred A. Smith, Fort Wayne News Sentinel, 3 Dec 1964, NewspaperArchive.com.

A regular Van Wert Times Bulletin column entitled Between Us featured items of interest about local people and often wished Happy Birthday to locals, especially those over 90.

This particular piece congratulated George Weinman, of Schumm, who turned 98 that day and who was the fifth oldest resident of the county. Weinman had at one time been employed at the sawmill at Schumm.

The informant for the article was lumberjack Fred A. Smith, owner/operator of the Fred A. Smith Lumber Company in Schumm. (Van Wert Times Bulletin, 18 Sep 1957; NewspaperArchive.com.)

In the article, Smith talked about George Weinman, “I visit with him at his home on the way back to my sawmill quite frequently. You will recall that he operates a small store and filling station at the corner in Schumm.

“I find him reading and always ready to talk about the history of this area. Believe me, he has experienced a great deal. He was born in Alsace-Lorraine, coming to Loudonville, Ohio, in 1872. He then moved with his parents to a farm near Chattanooga in Mercer County, where he lived until coming to Schumm in 1916. Here he served as postmaster from 1916 to 1928. In 1931 he returned as postmaster, serving until 1940.

“Mr. Weinman recalls very vividly the Franco-German war in 1870. He lived about 22 miles from Strasburg and I have heard him tell of going to a very high hill and watching the lights from the gunfire of that battle. I would say that George is 98 years young.”

John “George” Weinman died nine months later, on 22 June 1958.

His son Carl Weinman (1888-1971)  also worked at the Schumm sawmill.

Carl Weinman, son of George Weinman, Schumm sawmill. Photo courtesy of Tom Reichard, Carl’s grandson.

John “George” Weinman died nine months later, on 22 June 1958. His son Carl Weinman (1888-1971)  also worked at the Schumm sawmill.

The Schumm sawmill ceased operation in 1958.

Tombstone Tuesday-John A. Grabner

John A. Grabner, St. Paul Lutheran Cemetery, Liberty Twp, Mercer County, Ohio. (2023 photo by Karen)

This is the tombstone of John A. Grabner, located in row 4 of St. Paul Lutheran Cemetery, Liberty Township, Mercer County, Ohio. The marker is broken at the base, at the point where the age is inscribed. The readable inscription:

John A
Son of
John & M
Grabner
Died
Aug 20 1868
[broken stone, age unreadable]

John Anton Grabner was born in Liberty Township on 30 April 1866, the son of John and Magdalene “Lena” (Maurer) Grabner, according to the church records of St. Paul Lutheran, Liberty Township. John was baptized at St. Paul Lutheran in June 1866, the exact day is unreadable. According to St. Paul’s records, John Anton Grabner died 9 August 1868, aged 2 years, 3 months, and 23 days.

As is often the case, the dates and calculations on the tombstone inscription and church records disagree a by a few days. We know John was born in April 1852 and was a little over 2 years old when he died. 

John’s parents were both born in Germany and his father immigrated to America in 1847. His parents, John Grabner and Magdalene Maurer, married in Mercer County, on 17 January 1852. [1]

Their surname is spelled several ways in the various records: Grabner, Graebner, and Grapner. The oldest spelling of the name in the church records is Graebner and is probably more of the German spelling.

The John Grabner (Sr) family lived in Section 11 of Liberty Township, about 1½ miles east of St. Paul Lutheran Church. The family attended church at St. Paul and the following family information is recorded in their church records: [2]

Johann Michael Graebner, son of Johann Michael and Maria Elisabetha Graebner, was born on 17 August 1822 in Schellert, County Court an der Eisch, District Mittelfranken, Kingdom of Bavaria, where he was also baptized and confirmed. He immigrated to America in 1847 and lived in Butler County, Ohio, for a few years. He married Magdalena Maurer in Mercer County in 1852. Magdalena was the daughter of Nickolaus and Margaretha Maurer, and was born on 28 February 1832 in Guedingen, District Saarbruecken, Prussia. She was baptized and confirmed in Bischnissheim. John and Magdalena (Maurer) Grabner lived in Mercer County since their marriage, where their following children were born and baptized:

George, born 9 January 1853
Paulina, born 18 December 1854
Luisa, born 8 December 1856
Maria, born 9 November 1858
Friedrich Wilhelm, born 1 March 1861, died 28 September 1864
John Anton, born 30 April 1866

That record ended at 1866, but the couple had at least one more child:
Henry Jacob, born 11 December 1870, died 19 April 1950. He never married and is also buried at St. Paul Liberty. 

[1] Ohio, U.S., County Marriage Records, 1774-1993, Mercer County Marriage Book C, p.161, John Grabner & Magdalena Moner [sic], 17 Jan 1852; Ancestry.com.

[2] Familienbuch, St. Paul Liberty Lutheran Church, Liberty Township, Mercer County, Ohio, p.33, previously translated from original records.

Fred A. Smith Lumber Co., Schumm, Ohio

This is an old matchbook from the Fred A. Smith Lumber Co, Schumm, Ohio. This matchbook dates back sometime between 1952-1958.

Fred A Smith Lumber Co., Schumm, Ohio

Printed on the front:
Fred A. Smith
Lumber Co,
The Business That Service
Built since 1922
Saw Mill, Planing Mill
And Lumber Yards
Schumm, Ohio
P.O. Willshire, Ohio, RFD 1

Fred A Smith Lumber Co, Schumm, Ohio. Back of matchbook.

The back reads:
We are always in the market and pay cash for Choice Indiana and Ohio Timber Tracts and Logs within 100 mile radius.
See us before you sell
Keep Ohio Green
Member Ohio Forestry Assn.
Catering to our good Van Wert County and adjoining Ohio and Indiana counties farm and industrial retail trade.
PREVENT FIRES

W.P. Robinson and Fred A. Smith became business partners at the Schumm sawmill in 1923. The sawmill was named the W.P. Robinson Sawmill until 1953.

Schumm Sawmill, c1924.

Here are a few Van Wert newspaper articles about the old sawmill at Schumm. 

Walter Merkle hauled wood from the Schumm sawmill Tuesday. (Van Wert Times Bulletin, 9 Oct 1937) It must have been a slow news week.

The sawmill was a popular place to visit:

Students Inspect Schumm Sawmill (Van Wert Times Bulletin, 12 May 1939; NewspaperArchive.com)
About 26 boys of manual training classes of Van Wert High School and the Marsh Foundation visited the W.P. Robinson Company sawmill at Schumm Wednesday. They saw the operations in the manufacture of long oak timbers and went through the Henry Dietrich woods northeast of the mill.

And:

About 23 Boy Scouts and their dads from Troop 31 of the First Methodist Church visited the Fred A. Smith Lumber Company’s sawmill at Schumm Monday night, the guests of Fred and Max Smith. (Van Wert Times Bulletin, 20 May 1953; NewspaperArchive.com)

27 Oct 1953, Van Wert Times Bulletin; NewspaperArchive.com

Logging could be a dangerous occupation:

Sawmill Employee Seriously Injured (Van Wert Times Bulletin, 10 Apr 1945; NewspaperArchive.com):
Ben H. Handwerk, 49, of Schumm, employee of the W.P. Robinson Sawmill Company of Schumm, is in Van Wert County Hospital suffering from injuries sustained Monday in a tree-cutting accident near New Knoxville, Auglaize County.

According to the attending physician, Handwerk has fractures of the hip, shoulder and one rib, all on his left side. Handwerk and several other men were reported to have been using a power saw when the tree fell opposite to what was expected and he was pinned to the ground. He was brought to the hospital in a car.

A sawmill could be a dangerous place as well:

Van Wert Man Injured At Schumm Sawmill (Van Wert Times Bulletin, 29 Oct 1951; NewspaperArchive.com)
H.B. Youtsey, South Washington Street, Van Wert, was taken to the Van Wert County Hospital after suffering of a head injury at the Schumm Sawmill. Youtsey, his son Myron, and son-in-law, James Bowersock, were loading wood onto a truck when Youtsey was struck by a chunk of wood that fell from the wood conveyor. Youtsey was partially conscious, in fair condition, and lost his hearing in one ear.

Youtsey’s injuries ended up being rather severe and he sought a judgment for them:

Asks $26,247 For Injuries At Sawmill (Van Wert Times Bulletin, 4 Dec 1952; NewspaperArchive.com)
Judgment for $26,247 for injuries allegedly sustained in an accident October 26, 1951, is asked in a petition filed in the Court of Common Pleas by Hanklin Henry Youtsey of Van Wert against the W.P. Robinson Company, Schumm, Willshire Township.

The petition states that Youtsey, in company with two other men, appeared at a sawmill owned by the defendant company for the purpose of purchasing wood. It is claimed that Fred A. Smith, a partner in the defendant firm, directed the plaintiff to a pile of scrap wood.

The petition charges that while the plaintiff was on a pile of wood, six feet high, without warning, he was struck in the head by a large chunk of wood which flew over the south side of the conveyor.

…he was rendered unconscious and was hospitalized from October 26 to November 4. It is claimed that he has lost his hearing, taste and smell and that he has difficulty in walking.

At the time, he declares that he was a carpenter earning $80 weekly, and he claims that the accident was due to negligence on the part of the defendants. Youtsey is represented by Attorney C.B. Thornton.

At one time, the Fred A. Smith Lumber Co. had a company house at Schumm:

Fred Smiths Sell Elson Ave. Home (Van Wert Times Bulletin, 6 Jan 1956; NewspaperArchive.com)
In 1956, Fred A. Smith sold his home at 729 Elson Avenue, Van Wert, to Miss Mary Sawyer. Fred, wife, and son Max temporarily moved into a Fred A. Smith Lumber Company house at their sawmill operations in Schumm. The Smiths built their new home at South Race Street and Ervin Road. 

‘  4 Nov 1953, Van Wert Times Bulletin; NewspaperArchive.com

Robinson sold his share of the sawmill to Smith in 1953 and the name changed from Robinson to Smith.

Next week, more about Schumm’s sawmill.

Finding Mercer County Probate Estate Case Files on FamilySearch.org

After writing about Eli Plants’ Mercer County Probate Estate Case File, several people asked if this information is on-line. And if it is, how to find it.

So, this is a how-to blog post, explaining how to search and find the old Mercer County Probate Case Files on FamilySearch.org.  

The Genealogy Society of Utah (LDS Church) filmed Mercer County’s old probate estate packets in 2003, the filming arranged by the Mercer County Chapter OGS. The probate packets filmed are for the years 1852-1900. Those digitized images can be found at least three places, on FamilySearch.org, on Ancestry.com, and on microfilm in the genealogy room at the Mercer County Public Library in Celina. I like to view the records at home online because it is so convenient.

Ancestry.com is a paid subscription, but the images are free to view on FamilySearch.org. So today I will focus on finding the records on FamilySearch.org.  Even though FamilySearch.org is a free website, you need to register and create an account to view their records. There is no cost, just create an account by creating a username and password.

Both FamilySearch.org and  Ancestry.com are searchable by name, place, and date, but sometimes you cannot find what you are looking for when doing a name search. The spelling may be off or there may be other reasons. The following steps will help you find the probate images when a name search does not yield results, to find what you are looking for by browsing.

The best and easiest way to locate a probate estate file is to find the person’s name in the alphabetical name index, which will also give you the case file number.

There are two Mercer County Case File indexes, an alphabetical index and an index arranged by Case File number. I find the alphabetical list the best one to use. It is on the first roll of microfilm at the Mercer County Library and it can be found on FamilySearch.org. To my knowledge, Ancestry.com has the index by Case File number only, but maybe someone has found the alphabetical list on Ancestry.com.

Below are the steps to find Mercer’s alphabetical index and their Probate Case Files (1852-1900). First, finding the index:

Log into FamilySearch.org

Under “Search” select “Images”

FamilySearch.org (1)

On the Images page, click on “More Options.” On the right, scroll down and in the “Image Group Number” box, put 005885904. Click SEARCH.

FamilySearch.org (2)

On that next page click on 005885904 (Item 1 of 2), Mercer, Ohio. This is the first roll of Mercer County’s filmed Probate Case File images, which contains the alphabetical index.

FamilySearch.org (No.3)

There are nearly 139 images/pages of the alphabetical index. Having this index is important, unless you enjoy looking through thousands of probate images. Names are in alphabetical order and the probate packet number is given in the NUMBER column. Plus, there is a brief description of the file, e.g. guardianship, will, administration, etc, as well as some other information.

FamilySearch.org, Mercer County Probate Estate alphabetical name index. (4)

Once you find the case number you can locate the case file images.

On that same page, on the right side, under REFERENCES > Collections, under “Historical Record Collection,” click on “Ohio, Probate Records, 1789-1996.” This is the second option under References.

FamilySearch.org (5)

On the next page, “Ohio, Probate Records, 1789-1996,” click on “Browse all 6,997,827 Images.”

FamilySearch.org (6)

The next page will be a list of all Ohio counties. Click on “Mercer.”

FamilySearch.org (7)

The next page will have links to all of Mercer County’s probate images that are available to view. Select the Probate Case File that corresponds to the file number you are looking for. For example, to view estate file no. 1811, click on “Probate Case Files 1876 no. 1791-1822.’ Note that the year is included before the range of case numbers.

FamilySearch.org (8), Mercer County Probate Estate Files

Click on that and you will have access to those file images in that file group range, usually about 2000 images per roll.

FamilySearch.org (10)

You will have to do a little searching to locate your chosen probate file. Toggling back and forth between the “grid” thumbnail images and the larger, single image, will help you go through the images quicker.

FamilySearch.org (11) Eli D Plants Probate File no. 1811

Once you locate the file, can view all the papers in the chosen probate packet. Eli’s packet contains nearly 140 images.

Eli D. PLants, Dec 1876, Mercer County, Ohio, Probate Estate No. 1811

There is at least one other way to access the case files, but this way works the best for me.  

A couple other things:

On the page with all the links to Mercer’s various probate records, you will see a link to an index. This is the case file number index, not the alphabetical name index.

Note that there are links to the probate records of all Ohio counties where you selected Mercer. You may have connections in some of those other Ohio counties and want to look further.

I have talked about probate records today, but other records have been digitized and are on FamilySearch.org as well, such as land deeds. It just takes a little searching to find them.  

One final note, FamilySearch has recently added an experimental website, FamilySearch Labs, at https://www.familysearch.org/en/labs/ . Your FamilySearch.org login will work for both websites. If you research on  FamilySearch Labs, be sure to choose the “Full Text” option. Their Labs website is turning out to be a great way to research with some very good results.

Tomorrow is Flag Day. Be sure to proudly fly America’s flag.